Railroad Promotion and Economic Expansion at Council Bluffs, Iowa, 1857-1869

The First Vatican Council 1869 - 1870

The First Vatican Council was convened in 1869 and ended in 1870, an ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church, and one of the most important events in her historical development since the Council of Trent. The preliminaries were surrounded by the closest secrecy. As early as the end of the year 1864, Pius IX had commissioned t cardinals resident in Rome to tender him their opinions as to...

The Iowa Food Policy Council: a case study

While legislative and administrative decisions are made by government entities, food policy councils (FPCs) will often recommend and implement food policy decisions at the local and regional levels. When created, the Iowa Food Policy Council (IFPC) became the second state-wide FPC in existence. With Iowa being a leader in the production of corn, soybeans and pork for domestic consumption and ex...

Evaluating Red Light Running Programs in Iowa

As communities across the United States attempt to address red light running (RLR), a number of them have implemented RLR camera-enforcement programs. Since 2004, three Iowa communities—Davenport, Council Bluffs, and Clive—have implemented RLR camera-enforcement programs. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of RLR cameras in these three Iowa communities. A reduction...

“mirror, Mirror, on the Wall . . .”:1 Reflections on Fairness and Housing in the Omaha- Council Bluffs Region

Volume expansion and flow promotion in shock.

Volume replacement is the most important step in treating hypovolaemic shock. Blood is needed when the oxygen carrying capacity threatens to fall below a critical level, but has the disadvantage of transmitting virus hepatitis. Anicteric hepatitis is about four times more frequent than the icteric form. Pasteurized plasma protein solution and albumin are free from the risk of transmitting hepat...